Abstract Models based on the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process have become standard for the
comparative study of adaptation. have cast doubt on this practice by claiming statistical …

Increased brain size in humans and other primates is hypothesized to confer cognitive
benefits but brings costs associated with growing and maintaining energetically expensive …

Many comparative neurobiological studies seek to connect sensory or behavioural attributes
across taxa with differences in their brain composition. Recent studies in vertebrates suggest …

Understanding variation in rates of evolution and morphological disparity is a goal of
macroevolutionary research. In a phylogenetic comparative methods framework, we present …

Abstract Changes in holocentric chromosome number due to fission and fusion have direct
and immediate effects on genome structure and recombination rates. These, in turn, may …

Repetitive elements can cause large‐scale chromosomal rearrangements, for example
through ectopic recombination, potentially promoting reproductive isolation and speciation …

Relationships among species in the tree of life can complicate comparative methods and
testing adaptive hypotheses. Models based on the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process permit …

Abstract Background and Aims Leaf traits are known to be strong predictors of plant
performance and can be expected to (co) vary along environmental gradients. We …

Colour signalling traits are often lost over evolutionary time, perhaps because they increase
vulnerability to visual predators or lose relevance in terms of sexual selection. Here, we …

The huge antlers of the extinct Irish elk have invited evolutionary speculation since Darwin.
In the 1970s, Stephen Jay Gould presented the first extensive data on antler size in the Irish …