One of the earliest recognized forms of sexual conflict was infanticide by males, which
imposes serious costs on female reproductive success. Here I review two bodies of …

Simple Summary Vital for informing debates about the ways we interact with wild animals
and their associated habitats is knowledge of their welfare status. To date, scientific …

In many mammals, females form close social bonds with members of their group, usually
between kin. Studies of social bonds and their fitness benefits have not been investigated …

The evolution of parental care is beneficial if it facilitates offspring performance traits that are
ultimately tied to offspring fitness. While this may seem self‐evident, the benefits of parental …

Play behaviour is widespread in mammals, but benefits to play have been difficult to
demonstrate. Physical training is one of the many proposed hypotheses, suggesting that …

Adaptive theory predicts that mothers would be advantaged by adjusting the sex ratio of their
offspring in relation to their offspring's future reproductive success. Studies investigating sex …

Socialization of young is an important component of maternal care in social mammals. It is
therefore perplexing that female chimpanzees with dependent offspring spend more time …

Castration is commonly used to control the behavior of companion animals and livestock, yet
there have been few longitudinal studies of its effects. Despite the ubiquity of this surgery in …

The traditional narrow focus on male mate competition in studies of mammalian mating
strategies has been successful in explaining many conspicuous outcomes of sexual …

Third-party interventions are defined as the interruption of dyadic interactions by third
animals through direct physical contact, interposing or threats. Previous studies focused on …