Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key regulators of signal transduction and cell
responses. Abnormalities in MAPKs are associated with multiple diseases. Dual-specificity …

The aberrant activation of oncogenic signaling pathways is a universal phenomenon in
cancer and drives tumorigenesis and malignant transformation. This abnormal activation of …

Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is most aggressive among all
gastrointestinal tumors. The complex intra-tumor heterogeneity and special tumor …

Background Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified> 200 loci associated
with breast cancer risk. The majority of candidate causal variants are in non-coding regions …

Aberrant protein phosphorylation is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, and in many cases
a prerequisite to sustain tumor development and progression. Like protein kinases, protein …

Reversible phosphorylation of proteins, controlled by kinases and phosphatases, is involved
in various cellular processes. Dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) can dephosphorylate …

The tumor microenvironment supplies proinflammatory cytokines favoring a permissive
milieu for cancer cell growth and invasive behavior. Here we show how breast cancer …

Sustained spermatogenesis in adult males and fertility recovery following germ cell
depletion are dependent on undifferentiated spermatogonia. We previously demonstrated a …

Effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an urgent, unmet
medical need. Targeting KRAS, the oncogene that is present in> 95% of PDAC, is a heavily …

The molecular and pathogenic mechanisms of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
(ESCC) development are still unclear, which hinders the development of effective …