Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the
mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate …

Stroke is the second highest cause of death globally and a leading cause of disability, with
an increasing incidence in developing countries. Ischaemic stroke caused by arterial …

Background The dietary consumption of cuprizone–a copper chelator–has long been known
to induce demyelination of specific brain structures and is widely used as model of multiple …

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), early synaptic dysfunction is associated with the increased
oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide, which causes NMDAR-dependent synaptic depression …

Since the discovery of long-term potentiation (LTP) in 1973, thousands of papers have been
published on this intriguing phenomenon, which provides a compelling cellular model for …

Abstract Magnesium (Mg 2+) is an essential ion to the human body, playing an instrumental
role in supporting and sustaining health and life. As the second most abundant intracellular …

Interest in excitotoxicity expanded following its implication in the pathogenesis of ischemic
brain injury in the 1980s, but waned subsequent to the failure of N-methyl-D-aspartate …

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ion channels that together with other ionotropic
glutamate receptors (iGluRs), the NMDA and kainate receptors, mediate a majority of …

The study of synaptic plasticity and specifically LTP and LTD is one of the most active areas
of research in neuroscience. In the last 25 years we have come a long way in our …

Calcium ions generate versatile intracellular signals that control key functions in all types of
neurons. Imaging calcium in neurons is particularly important because calcium signals exert …