B cell subsets differ in development, tissue distribution, and mechanisms of activation. In
response to infections, however, all can differentiate into extrafollicular plasmablasts that …

This review summarises a number of current insights into the pathogenesis of SLE. On the
basis of the interaction of environmental factors within a predisposed host, a chronic …

Previous studies have identified elevations in antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in individuals
with a history of suicide attempts but studies have not measured the association between …

In contrast to the previous belief that autoreactive B cells are eliminated from the normal
repertoire of B cells, many autoreactive B cells actually escape clonal deletion and develop …

Human ascariasis is the most prevalent but neglected tropical disease in the world, affecting
approximately 450 million people. The initial phase of Ascaris infection is marked by larval …

Metastatic cancer involving spread to the peritoneal cavity is referred to as peritoneal
carcinomatosis and has a very poor prognosis. Activating the antitumor immune response in …

The intraperitoneal route is favored for administration of inactivated and attenuated vaccines
in Atlantic salmon. Nevertheless, the immune responses in the teleost peritoneal cavity …

Immature autoreactive B cells are present in all healthy individuals, but it is unclear which
signals are required for their maturation into antibody-producing cells. Inducible depletion of …

Circulating immunoglobulins including immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM play a critical role in
the immune homeostasis by modulating functions of immune cells. These functions are …

Natural IgM autoantibodies have been proposed to convey protection from autoimmune
pathogenesis. Herein, we investigated the IgM responses in 396 systemic lupus …