Musculoskeletal disorders represent a major cause of disability and morbidity globally and
result in enormous costs for health and social care systems. Development of cell-based …

Decades of work have identified the signaling pathways that regulate the differentiation of
chondrocytes during bone formation, from their initial induction from mesenchymal …

Current cell-based repair strategies have proven unsuccessful for treating cartilage defects
and osteoarthritic lesions, consequently advances in innovative therapeutics are required …

Protein kinase Ca (PKCƒ¿) is a serine/threonine kinase and a member of the conven
tional(classical) PKCs(cPKCs), which have four conserved(C1 to C4) regions. This …

Abstract Cyclic adenosine 3, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) is a ubiquitous second
messenger regulating many biological processes, such as cell migration, differentiation …

In recent years, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of regenerative
approaches to produce hyaline cartilage ex vivo that can be utilized for the repair or …

Cartilage development is initiated by the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into
chondrocytes. Differentiated chondrocytes in articular cartilage undergo dedifferentiation …

In this study, we demonstrate that dedifferentiation of round primary chondrocytes into a
fibroblast morphology correlates with a profound induction of RhoA protein and stress fibers …

Articular cartilage provides mechanical support for joints and is responsible for smooth and
pain free joint movement. It it the primary tissue affected in joint diseases such as …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder that is highly extended in the global population. Several
researches and therapeutic strategies have been probed on OA but without satisfactory long …