This tutorial introduces and compares current reference circuits. To give meaningful insights
to readers, we categorize current reference circuits into five types: a)-based current …

This paper presents a curvature-compensated sub-1V voltage reference (VR) and a shared-
resistive nanoampere current reference (CR) in a 130nm CMOS process. The CR is used to …

This work presents a wide-range, submicrowatt CMOS rectifier, which is designed to
efficiently work at input power levels down to− 31 dBm. The designed rectifier uses a novel …

This paper presents a power-efficient dynamic-time current comparator for current mode
signal processing. The proposed circuit utilizes a switched feedback-based inverter and a …

This paper presents a low-voltage and low-power CMOS precision current reference circuit,
which leads to high current stability to temperature and supply variation. By exploiting the …

Most conventional CMOS technologies possess the so-called zero-temperature coefficient
(ZTC) operating point where the transistor's drain current becomes nearly independent of …

This paper introduces a current reference based on generation principle and adopts
integrated poly-p+ resistors and a nW-power OTA to reduce the line sensitivity. Implemented …

A temperature-less-sensitive photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor integrated circuit with a
background light loop for monitoring vital signs is proposed. The proposed PPG sensor …

This work presents a highly accurate current reference of 66nA for ultra-low power
applications. A very low figure-of-merit (FOM) of 1.3501 ppm/° C 2 is achieved on consuming …

Among all the functions that electronics currently perform, clock synthesis has a backbone
role. Charge pump phase-locked loops (CP-PLL) are widely used to accomplish clock …