The development of the vertebrate eyes is a complex process starting from anterior-posterior
and dorso-ventral patterning of the anterior neural tube, resulting in the formation of the eye …

Retinoids comprise a group of compounds each composed of three basic parts: a
trimethylated cyclohexene ring that is a bulky hydrophobic group, a conjugated tetraene side …

This chapter provides an overview of the early developmental origins of six ocular tissues:
the cornea, lens, ciliary body, iris, neural retina, and retina pigment epithelium. Many of …

Neural crest cells (NCCs) are vertebrate‐specific transient, multipotent, migratory stem cells
that play a crucial role in many aspects of embryonic development. These cells emerge from …

Vertebrate photoreceptors are categorized into two broad classes, rods and cones,
responsible for dim-and bright-light vision, respectively. While many molecular features that …

Optic cup morphogenesis (OCM) generates the basic structure of the vertebrate eye.
Although it is commonly depicted as a series of epithelial sheet folding events, this does not …

Organogenesis requires precise interactions between a developing tissue and its
environment. In vertebrates, the developing eye is surrounded by a complex extracellular …

Dysfunction and loss of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are hallmarks of retinal
degenerative diseases in mammals. A critical transcription factor for RPE development and …

Embryonic development of the vertebrate eye begins with the formation of an optic vesicle
which folds inwards to form a double-layered optic cup with a fissure on the ventral surface …

Ocular coloboma is an uncommon, but often severe, sight-threatening condition that can be
identified from birth. This congenital anomaly is thought to be caused by maldevelopment of …