Harnessing the process of natural selection to obtain and understand new microbial
phenotypes has become increasingly possible due to advances in culturing techniques …

Over the past century, Escherichia coli has become one of the best studied organisms on
earth. Features such as genetic tractability, favorable growth conditions, well characterized …

Growing concerns over limited fossil resources and associated environmental problems are
motivating the development of sustainable processes for the production of chemicals, fuels …

Biologists and engineers are making tremendous efforts in contributing to a sustainable and
green society. To that end, there is growing interest in waste management and valorisation …

Highlights•Metabolic engineering allows enhanced production of succinic acid (SA).•Major
SA producers include rumen bacteria, yeast, E. coli, and Corynebacterium.•Microbial …

Butanol, an important chemical feedstock and advanced biofuel, is produced by Clostridium
species. Various efforts have been made to transfer the clostridial 1-butanol pathway into …

Corynebacterium glutamicum, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in particular,
have become established as important industrial workhorses in biotechnology. Recent years …

Succinic acid is a precursor of many important, large-volume industrial chemicals and
consumer products. It was once common knowledge that many ruminant microorganisms …

Platform chemicals composed of 2–6 carbons derived from fossil resources are used as
important precursors for making a variety of chemicals and materials, including solvents …

Oxidoreductase is the largest class of enzymes and has broad applications in biotechnology
since a number of bioconversions involve oxidation/reduction reactions. Coenzymes are …