Mitochondria are traditionally known as the powerhouse of the cell, but their functions
extend far beyond energy production. They are vital in cellular and organismal pathways …

Lipids constitute the bulk of the dry mass of the brain and have been associated with healthy
function as well as the most common pathological conditions of the brain. Demographic …

Although cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a tremendously promising cancer therapy
method, it remains effective only for several cancers. Photoimmunotherapy (eg …

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death caused by the failure of the
glutathione-dependent lipid-peroxide-scavenging network. FINO2 is an endoperoxide …

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are conserved molecules whose main role is to facilitate folding
of other proteins. Most Hsps are generally stress-inducible as they play a particularly …

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death induced by small molecules in specific
tumour types, and in engineered cells overexpressing oncogenic RAS. Yet, its relevance in …

The phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) is an essential constituent of mitochondrial membranes
and plays a role in many mitochondrial processes, including respiration and energy …

Metabolism has historically been studied at the levels of whole cells, whole tissues and
whole organisms. As a result, our understanding of how compartmentalization—the spatial …

The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …

Redox balance is essential for normal brain, hence dis-coordinated oxidative reactions
leading to neuronal death, including programs of regulated death, are commonly viewed as …