Phosphoinositides are signalling lipids derived from phosphatidylinositol, a ubiquitous
phospholipid in the cytoplasmic leaflet of eukaryotic membranes. Initially discovered for their …

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the major endocytic pathway in mammalian cells. It
is responsible for the uptake of transmembrane receptors and transporters, for remodeling …

The presence of DNA in the cytosol of mammalian cells is an unusual event that is often
associated with genotoxic stress or viral infection. The enzyme cGAS is a sensor of cytosolic …

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol (4, 5) bisphosphate (PI (4, 5) P2) has become a major focus in
biochemistry, cell biology and physiology owing to its diverse functions at the plasma …

Growing evidence suggests that phosphoinositides play an important role in membrane
traffic. A polyphosphoinositide phosphatase, synaptojanin 1, was identified as a major …

AP2 is the best-characterized member of the family of heterotetrameric clathrin adaptor
complexes that play pivotal roles in many vesicle trafficking pathways within the cell. AP2 …

Adaptors select cargo for inclusion into coated vesicles in the late secretory and endocytic
pathways. Although originally there were thought to be just two adaptors, AP-1 and AP-2, it …

Our understanding of endocytosis has evolved remarkably in little more than a decade. This
is the result not only of advances in our knowledge of its molecular and biological workings …

▪ Abstract Clathrin was discovered nearly 25 years ago. Since then, a large number of other
proteins that participate in the process by which clathrin-coated vesicles retrieve synaptic …

▪ Abstract Dynamin, a 100-kDa GTPase, is an essential component of vesicle formation in
receptor-mediated endocytosis, synaptic vesicle recycling, caveolae internalization, and …