Polyethylene glycol or PEG has a long history of use in medicine. Many conventional
formulations utilize PEG as either an active ingredient or an excipient. PEG found its use in …

Nanocarbons with different dimensions (eg, 0D fullerenes and carbon nanodots, 1D carbon
nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons, 2D graphene and graphene oxides, and 3D …

The use of Raman spectroscopy for carbon nanotube applications is presented here as a
tutorial review. After introducing the relevant basic aspects of Raman spectroscopy of …

The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and gene therapy (GT) shows great
potential to achieve synergistic anti-tumor activity. However, the lack of a controlled release …

Abstract Near‐infrared II (NIR‐II) imaging at 1100–1700 nm shows great promise for medical
diagnosis related to blood vessels because it possesses deep penetration and high …

Understanding how nanoparticles are eliminated from the body is required for their
successful clinical translation. Many promising nanoparticle formulations for in vivo medical …

In recent years, people have been actively exploring new imaging methods with high
biological imaging performance because the clinical image definition and depth in vivo …

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted the attention of chemists, who have
developed numerous systems for the encapsulation of a plethora of molecules, allowing the …

In vivo near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is an emerging biomedical imaging
modality for use in both fundamental scientific research and clinical practice. Owing to …

Carbon-based nanomaterials include fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene and its
derivatives, graphene oxide, nanodiamonds, and carbon-based quantum dots. Due to their …