Rock breaking using a high-pressure water jet is an emerging drilling technique for high-
temperature deep-ground resources. The damage characteristics associated with using a …

The fracture toughness of rocks is a critical fracturing parameter in geo-energy exploitation
playing a significant role in fracture mechanics and hydraulic fracturing. The edge-notched …

Oil-based drilling fluids are widely used in deep drilling, and their cooling effect on shale
reservoirs is critical for wellbore stability. To reveal the sudden cooling effect of oil-based …

Mud shale is an abundant unconventional source of oil and gas, with considerable potential
for extensive exploration and development. Hydraulic fracturing is a core technology for the …

The combined mode I+ III fracture toughness of shale plays a significant role in the
exploitation of shale gas. To investigate the combined mode I+ III fracture characteristics of …

Rock fracture toughness is a critical parameter for optimizing reservoir stimulation during
deep resource extraction. This index characterizes the in situ resistance of rocks to fracture …

Drilling fluid is a vital component in drilling engineering and can be considered as the
lifeblood of the drilling. It serves multiple functions such as cooling the drill bit, cleaning the …

Thermal stimulation has excellent potential for enhancing the productivity of organic-rich
shale. However, this shale's high thermal cracking threshold temperature (T tct) results in …

The continuous increase in energy demand propels the gradual shift of shale gas
exploration from shallow to deep reservoirs. Exploring and developing deep shale gas …

The development of deep shale reservoirs is a major strategic demand to meet national
energy requirements. However, the high-temperature characteristics of in-situ reservoirs …