Degeneration of central cholinergic neurons impairs memory, and enhancement of
cholinergic synapses improves cognitive processes. Cholinergic signaling is also anti …

As the primary protective barrier for neurons in the brain, the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
exists between the blood microcirculation system and the brain parenchyma. The normal …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by protein
aggregation in the brain. Recent studies have revealed the critical role of microglia in AD …

Contrary to early views, we now know that systemic inflammatory/immune responses
transmit to the brain. The microglia, the resident “macrophages” of the brain's innate immune …

The heterogeneity and molecular characteristics of progenitor cells, especially glial
progenitors, in the developing human cerebral cortex remain elusive. Here, we find that …

Background: Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/RI) is a common complication of cardiovascular
diseases. Resolution of detrimental I/RI-generated prothrombotic and proinflammatory …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB), a critical guardian of communication between the periphery
and the brain, is frequently compromised in neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis …

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and the most frequent cause of disability worldwide.
Currently, stroke diagnosis is based on neuroimaging; therefore, the lack of a rapid tool to …

The brain microenvironment is continuously monitored by microglia with the detection of
apoptotic cells or pathogens being rapidly followed by their phagocytosis to prevent …

Neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system are characterized by
pathogenetic cellular and molecular changes in specific areas of the brain that lead to the …