Objective Early life stress (ELS) is associated with increased risk for the development of
major depressive disorder (MDD) in adulthood; however, the degree to which ELS is …

A large body of evidence has demonstrated that exposure to childhood maltreatment at any
stage of development can have long-lasting consequences. It is associated with a marked …

Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health
problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) …

Life history theory argues that exposure to early life adversity (ELA) accelerates
development, although existing evidence for this varies. We present a meta-analysis and …

Background Neuroimaging studies have consistently reported similar brain structural
abnormalities across different psychiatric disorders. Yet, the extent and regional distribution …

Meta-analytic, population cohort, prospective, and clinical studies provide systematic
evidence that child sexual abuse accounts for unique variation in several deleterious …

Resilience in the face of major life stressors is changeable over time and with experience.
Accordingly, differing sets of neurobiological factors may contribute to an adaptive stress …

Background Alterations in gray matter development represent a potential pathway through
which childhood abuse is associated with psychopathology. Several prior studies find …

Background Childhood maltreatment is a leading environmental risk factor for an
unfavourable course of disease in major depressive disorder. Both maltreatment and major …

Blunted stress reactivity resulting from early exposure to stress during childhood and
adolescence may increase vulnerability to addiction. Early life adversity (ELA) affects brain …