Discovery of the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts by instruments flown on Explorer 1 in 1958
was the first major discovery of the Space Age. The observation of distinct inner and outer …

The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle
processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in …

The first major scientific discovery of the Space Age was that the Earth is enshrouded in
toroids, or belts, of very high-energy magnetically trapped charged particles. Early …

Wave-particle interactions play a fundamental role in the dynamic variability of Earth's donut-
shaped radiation belts that are highly populated by magnetically trapped energetic particles …

In this paper, the particle acceleration processes around magnetotail dipolarization fronts
(DFs) were reviewed. We summarize the spacecraft observations (including Cluster …

Abstract The Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope (REPT) instruments were designed to
measure∼ 2 to> 18 MeV electrons and∼ 18 to> 115 MeV protons as part of the science …

Various physical processes are known to cause acceleration, loss, and transport of
energetic electrons in the Earth's radiation belts, but their quantitative roles in different time …

Measurements from NASA's Van Allen Probes have transformed our understanding of the
dynamics of Earth's geomagnetically-trapped, charged particle radiation. The Van Allen …

Trapped electrons in Earth's outer Van Allen radiation belt are influenced profoundly by
solar phenomena such as high‐speed solar wind streams, coronal mass ejections (CME) …

We quantify the electron scattering effects of simultaneous plasmaspheric hiss and
magnetosonic waves that occurred in two neighboring time intervals but with distinct wave …