In biological environments, nanoparticles are enshrouded by a layer of biomolecules,
predominantly proteins, mediating its subsequent interactions with cells. Detecting this …

Nanocarriers (NC) are very promising tools for cancer immunotherapy. Whereas
conventional vaccines are based on the administration of an antigen and an adjuvant in an …

Biochar decorated with inorganic magnetic materials has both conductivity and magnetism,
and has application prospects in many fields. Synthesis of magnetic biochar composites by …

Electrostatic intermolecular interactions are important in many aspects of biology. We have
studied the main electrostatic features involved in the interaction of the receptor-binding …

The mechanism of protein–polyelectrolyte complexation on the wrong side of the isoelectric
point has long puzzled researchers. Two alternative explanations have been proposed in …

Contemporary models of intrafibrillar mineralization mechanisms are established using
collagen fibrils as templates without considering the contribution from collagen-bound …

Nanoparticles interacting with proteins to form protein corona represent one of the most
fundamental problems in the rapid development of nanotechnology. In the past decade …

Uncompensated charges do not usually occur in Nature and any local charge should be a
result of charge separation. Dissociable chemical groups at interfaces in contact with ions in …

The structure and interactions of proteins play a critical role in determining the quality
attributes of many foods, beverages, and pharmaceutical products. Incorporating a …

Cell theory, as formulated by Theodor Schwann in 1839, introduced the idea that the cell is
the main structural unit of living nature. Later, in solving the problem of cell multiplication …