Stress constitutes a state of threatened homeostasis triggered by intrinsic or extrinsic
adverse forces (stressors) and is counteracted by an intricate repertoire of physiologic and …

Abstract The British epidemiologist Dr. David J. Barker documented the relationship
between infant birth weight and later onset of hypertension, coronary heart disease, insulin …

There is strong evidence from animal studies that prenatal stress has different effects on
male and female offspring. In general, although not always, prenatal stress increases …

Diseases and aging-associated alterations of the nervous system often show sex-specific
characteristics. Glial cells play a major role in the endogenous homeostatic response of …

Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders affect men and women differently. Multiple
sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety disorders, depression, meningiomas and late-onset …

Environmental influences such as perinatal stress have been shown to program the
developing organism to adapt brain and behavioral functions to cope with daily life …

In the last years there has been a considerable advance in the knowledge on the regulation
of astrocytes by sex steroids under physiological and pathological conditions. By the …

Objective: To analyse the behavioral effects of Melissa officinalis extract in rats following
acute or subacute treatment. Materials and Methods: The behavioral effects of an acute or …

Exposure to prenatal stress (PNS) can lead to long-lasting neurobiological and behavioral
consequences for the offspring, which may enhance the susceptibility for mental disorders …

Objective Prenatal stress influences fetal developmental trajectories, which may implicate
glucocorticoid mechanisms. There is also emerging evidence that effects of prenatal stress …