Osteoimmunology is a new subject which focuses on the communication between the
immune and the skeletal systems. Both the immune system and bone communicate with …

Multinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast maturation. The unique and dynamic
multinucleation process not only increases cell size but causes functional alterations …

The NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) family of transcription factors consists of four
Ca 2+-regulated members (NFAT1–NFAT4), which were first described in T lymphocytes. In …

Understanding the mechanism by which tumor cells influence osteoclast differentiation is
crucial for improving treatment of osteolytic metastasis. Here, we report broad microRNA …

Microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF) was initially shown to play a key role
in melanocyte differentiation through the direct transcriptional control of TYROSINASE …

Osteoporosis results from an imbalance in skeletal remodeling that favors bone resorption
over bone formation. Bone matrix is degraded by osteoclasts, which differentiate from …

IL-1 is a potent cytokine that can induce bone erosion in inflammatory sites such as
rheumatoid joint regions via activation of osteoclasts. Not only is IL-1 capable of activating …

Background DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism for driving and stabilizing cell-
fate decisions. Local deposition and removal of DNA methylation are tightly coupled with …

Osteoimmunology is the interdiscipline that focuses on the relationship between the skeletal
and immune systems. They are interconnected by shared signal pathways and cytokines …

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway can be activated in
response to a wide range of extracellular signals. As a consequence, it can generate many …