In this conceptual paper, we argue that at times of crisis, what is sometimes called “evidence-
based” or “science-driven” policymaking—establishing scientific truths and then …

Background For more than a century, appendicectomy has been the treatment of choice for
appendicitis. Recent trials have challenged this view. This study assessed the benefits and …

Abstract Objectives The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and
Evaluation (GRADE) working group defines patient values and preferences as the relative …

Randomised controlled trials are the best research design for decisions about the effect of
different interventions but randomisation does not, of itself, promote the applicability of a …

Background A number of single case reports have suggested that the context within which
intervention studies take place may challenge the assumptions that underpin randomised …

Objective To compare the effectiveness of shared decision making with usual care in choice
of admission for observation and further cardiac testing or for referral for outpatient …

Together, neck pain and back pain are the first cause of disability worldwide, accounting for
more than 10% of the total years lived with disability. In this context, chiropractic care …

An international panel including patients, clinicians, researchers, acupuncture and surgery
trialists, statisticians, and experts in clinical epidemiology and methodology have developed …

Importance The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network prediction rules for
minor head trauma identify children at very low, intermediate, and high risk of clinically …

Background Lack of detailed information about hospital activities, processes and outcomes
hampers planning, performance monitoring and improvement in low-income countries (LIC) …