Type I interferons (IFNs) are pleiotropic cytokines well recognized for their role in the
induction of a potent antiviral gene program essential for host defense against viruses. They …

Evidence for innate immune memory (or 'priming') in invertebrates has been accumulating
over the last years. We here provide an in-depth review of the current state of evidence for …

Trans-generational immune priming (TGIP) refers to the transfer of the parental
immunological experience to its progeny. This may result in offspring protection from …

Pathogen entry route can have a strong impact on the result of microbial infections in
different hosts, including insects. Drosophila melanogaster has been a successful model …

As an overarching immune mechanism, RNA interference (RNAi) displays pathogen
specificity and memory via different pathways. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is …

Organisms from slime moulds to humans carefully regulate their macronutrient intake to
optimize a wide range of life history characters including survival, stress resistance, and …

From flies to humans, many components of the innate immune system have been conserved
during metazoan evolution. This foundational observation has allowed us to develop …

Host adaptation to one parasite may affect its response to others. However, the genetics of
these direct and correlated responses remains poorly studied. The overlap between these …

Immune priming has now been demonstrated in a wide range of invertebrate species.
Studies testing this phenomenon largely differ in terms of experimental design, host …

Haematophagous arthropods can harbor various pathogens including viruses, bacteria,
protozoa, and nematodes. Insects possess an innate immune system comprising of both …