Evidence of fast variations in the Earth's core field are seen both in magnetic observatory
and satellite records. We present here how they have been identified at the Earth's surface …

The dipole moment of Earth's magnetic field has decreased by nearly 9\% over the past 150
years and by about 30% over the past 2,000 years according to archeomagnetic …

The Earth's magnetic field displays variations on a broad range of time scales, from years to
hundreds of millions of years. The last two decades of global and continuous satellite …

We present the geomagnetic field model COV-OBS. x2 that covers the period 1840–2020. It
is primarily constrained by observatory series, satellite data, plus older surveys. Over the …

Inferring the core dynamics responsible for the observed geomagnetic secular variation
requires knowledge of the magnetic field at the core‐mantle boundary together with its …

Ground observatory and satellite-based determinations of temporal variations in the
geomagnetic field probe a decadal to annual timescale range where Earth's core slow …

We present a new model of the geomagnetic field spanning the last 20 years and called
Kalmag. Deriving from the assimilation of CHAMP and Swarm vector field measurements, it …

We propose two ensembles of geomagnetic field models spanning the last three millennia:
COV-ARCH is calculated using all available archeological artefacts and volcanic lava flows; …

Geomagnetic observations from satellites have highlighted interannual variations in the rate
of change of the magnetic field originating from Earth's core. Downward continued to the …

This paper reviews current knowledge about the Earth's core and the overlying deep mantle
in terms of structure, chemical and mineralogical compositions, physical properties, and …