The development of culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis has
uncovered the previously unappreciated complexity of the bacterial microbiome at various …

“Treatable traits” have been proposed as a new paradigm for the management of airway
diseases, particularly complex disease, which aims to apply personalised medicine to each …

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical mediators of mucosal immunity, and group 1 ILCs
(ILC1 cells) and group 3 ILCs (ILC3 cells) have been shown to be functionally plastic. Here …

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is
presumed to be central to the altered responsiveness to recurrent infection in these patients …

Background The aetiology of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) is incompletely
understood. Understanding the relationship between chronic bacterial airway infection and …

Acute exacerbations of chronic airway disease are common occurrences that cause a major
burden of illness. Acute exacerbations are associated with impaired health status, increased …

In the respiratory tract, viruses and bacteria can interact on multiple levels. It is well known
that respiratory viruses, particularly influenza viruses, increase the susceptibility to …

Respiratory infections, viral or bacterial, are a common cause of acute exacerbations of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A rapid, point-of-care, and easy-to-use …

Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids have been shown to decrease exacerbations in patients
with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Their effects in …

Background Colonization of the airways with potential pathogenic bacteria is observed in a
number of chronic respiratory diseases, such as COPD or cystic fibrosis. Infections with …