The hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is assumed to be a retrospective marker of integrated
cortisol secretion and stress over longer periods of time. Its quantification is increasingly …

Simple Summary Stress in domestic animals can lead to serious consequences. We
reviewed biological specimens (fluid and non-fluid types), that are capable of evaluating …

During the last two decades, hair cortisol concentration (HCC) has proven to be a promising
marker for the evaluation of increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity caused by …

A fundamental tenet of maternal effects assumes that maternal variance over time should
have discordant consequences for offspring traits across litters. Yet, seldom are parents …

Background Chronic stress is implicated in behavioral and health issues in cats, but
methods for recognition, evaluation, and measurement of stress are lacking. Cortisol …

Migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus sspp.) is an ecotype of conservation concern that is
experiencing increased cumulative stressors associated with rapid climate change and …

The global environment is faced with growing threats from anthropogenic disturbance,
propelling the Earth into a 6th mass extinction. For the world's mammals, this is reflected in …

Wild animals are faced with a broad range of environmental stressors and research is
needed to better understand their effect on populations. Hormone analysis based on …

Molting is an evolutionarily ancient trait in which the outermost layer of an organism is
replenished, usually according to a regular circannual rhythm. It is a metabolically costly …

Several internal and external factors can influence animals' hormonal activity. Cortisol level
in hair and wool determines chronic stress, which is connected with the long-term HPA axis …