Background In this review, we examine the continually expanding and increasingly
compelling data linking radiation and various chemicals in our environment to the current …

Synthetic progestogens (progestins) have been linked to increased breast cancer risk;
however, the role of endogenous progesterone in breast physiology and carcinogenesis is …

Introduction The androgen receptor (AR) is widely expressed in breast cancers and has
been proposed as a therapeutic target in estrogen receptor alpha (ER) negative breast …

Despite significant progress in breast cancer (BC) therapy, it is globally the most commonly
diagnosed cancer and leads to the death of over 650,000 women annually. Androgen …

Introduction Transsexual people receive cross-sex hormones as part of their treatment,
potentially inducing hormone-sensitive malignancies. Aim To examine the occurrence of …

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling exerts an antiestrogenic, growth-inhibitory influence in
normal breast tissue, and this role may be sustained in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive …

Context Previous case reports associated prepubertal gynecomastia with lavender-
containing fragrances, but there appear to be no reports of premature thelarche. Objective …

Plasma estrogen and androgen levels are positively associated with postmenopausal breast
cancer risk, but how long a single blood measurement can predict risk and whether the …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis and lacks prognostic indicators.
The androgen receptor (AR) and E-cadherin are involved in the pathogenesis of breast …

Technological change in medicine has complex interactions driven by demand-and supply
side determinants. The epistemological position of this paper is that scientific research …