Thyroid gland organogenesis results in an organ the shape, size, and position of which are
largely conserved among adult individuals of the same species, thus suggesting that genetic …

Human Forkhead-box (FOX) gene family consists of at least 43 members, including FOXA1,
FOXA2, FOXA3, FOXB1, FOXC1, FOXC2, FOXD1, FOXD2, FOXD3, FOXD4, FOXD5 …

The epithelial and mesenchymal cells involved in early embryonic facial development are
guided by complex regulatory mechanisms. Any factor perturbing the growth, approach and …

With an average worldwide prevalence of approximately 1.2/1000 live births, orofacial clefts
are the most common craniofacial birth defects in humans. Like other complex disorders …

Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common neonatal metabolic disorder and results in
severe neurodevelopmental impairment and infertility if untreated. Congenital …

Orofacial clefts are the most common craniofacial birth defects and one of the most common
congenital malformations in humans. They require complex multidisciplinary treatment and …

Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, storage, and secretion require a series of highly regulated
steps. Iodide, the rate-limiting substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis, is actively transported …

Thyroid-specific transcription factors, Pax8, TTF-1, and TTF-2, are crucial for thyroid
organogenesis and differentiation. Compared with TTF-1, the other two markers have …

Nonsyndromic or isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) occurs in wide
geographic distribution with an average birth prevalence of 1/700. We used direct …

Isolated or nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect
with a complex etiology. A 10-cM genome scan of 388 extended multiplex families with CL/P …