Marine zooplankton comprise a phylogenetically and functionally diverse assemblage of
protistan and metazoan consumers that occupy multiple trophic levels in pelagic food webs …

Abstract Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at
least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

With a current estimate of~ 1,000 million tons, mesopelagic fishes likely dominate the world
total fishes biomass. However, recent acoustic observations show that mesopelagic fishes …

Phytoplankton blooms are an important, widespread phenomenon in open oceans, coastal
waters and freshwaters, supporting food webs and essential ecosystem services. Blooms …

Global increases in atmospheric CO2 and temperature are associated with changes in
ocean chemistry and circulation, altering light and nutrient regimes. Resulting changes in …

Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production
(NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than …

Nutrient and light conditions control phytoplankton division rates in the surface ocean and, it
is commonly believed, dictate when and where high concentrations, or blooms, of plankton …

The vertical separation of organic matter formation from respiration can lead to net carbon
sequestration within the ocean's interior, making the biological pump an important …

Anthropogenic climate change has shifted the biogeography and phenology of many
terrestrial and marine species. Marine phytoplankton communities appear sensitive to …