Purpose This paper reviews the state-of-the art research in life cycle assessment (LCA)
applied to buildings. It focuses on current research trends, and elaborates on gaps and …

A bstract The building and construction sectors contribute around 38% of global energy-
related carbon emissions. LCA plays an important role in environmental assessments of …

At present, the smart city offers the most desired state of urban development, encompassing,
as it does, the concept of sustainable development. The creation of a smart city is closely …

The main objectives of this review are to identify the advanced strategies and research gaps
in the integration of BIM-LCA approaches and to propose research opportunities for …

Environmental impacts (EIs) of building stocks have been receiving significant attention in
recent decades as they consume more than 40% of the world's energy, release one third of …

Sustainable development, which has become the priority study of architectural design, is
receiving increasing attention with global climate change. At the same time, the building …

Global concerns regarding climate change have attracted increasing attention from
researchers in the previous years. The building industry is responsible for a significant share …

Inevitably, the 21st century has initiated a series of developments in the construction
industry, leading to its digitalization and resulting in a series of innovative approaches and …

Uncertainties in the life cycle assessment (LCA) of buildings affect the environmental
performance benchmarking and can lead to incorrect decision-making. Reducing …

Abstract Life Cycle Assessment is necessary for evaluating the environmental impacts of
buildings throughout their life cycle, considering factors such as energy consumption …