Acuity, the fineness with which sensory systems perceive and parse information, limits the
information that organisms can extract from stimuli. Here, we focus on visual acuity (the …

Bioluminescence spans all oceanic dimensions and has evolved many times—from bacteria
to fish—to powerfully influence behavioral and ecosystem dynamics. New methods and …

Molluscs comprise the second largest phylum of animals (after arthropods), occurring in
virtually all habitats. Some are commercially important, a few are pests and some carry …

Coincident with recent global warming, species have shifted their geographic distributions to
cooler environments, generally by moving along thermal axes to higher latitudes, higher …

Vertebrate vision is accomplished through light-sensitive photopigments consisting of an
opsin protein bound to a chromophore. In dim light, vertebrates generally rely on a single …

Many large marine predators make excursions from surface waters to the deep ocean below
200 m. Moreover, the ability to access meso-and bathypelagic habitats has evolved …

Mesopelagic fishes occur in all the world's oceans, but their abundance and consequently
their ecological significance remains uncertain. The current global estimate based on net …

Deep-sea fishes inhabit∼ 75% of the biosphere and are a critical part of deep-sea food
webs. Diet analysis and more recent trophic biomarker approaches, such as stable isotopes …

The colors and quality of images acquired in underwater conditions can be very poor due to
the specific propagation properties of light in water, and this degradation effect is relative to …

The mesopelagic zone is the oceanic region through which carbon and other elements must
pass in order to reach deeper waters or the sea floor. However, the food web interactions …