Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by a progressive status of chronic, low-grade
inflammation (LGI) that accompanies the whole trajectory of the disease, from its inception to …

Type 2 diabetes has traditionally been viewed as a metabolic disorder characterised by
chronic high glucose levels, insulin resistance, and declining insulin secretion from the …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is regarded as one of the most severe chronic metabolic
diseases worldwide, which poses a great threat to human safety and health. The main …

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia secondary to the decline
of functional beta-cells and is usually accompanied by a reduced sensitivity to insulin …

Pancreatic β-cell failure and death contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of type 2
diabetes. One of the main factors responsible for β-cell dysfunction and subsequent cell …

Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) that are part of the costimulatory and coinhibitory
(immune checkpoint) signaling are critical for adequate T cell response and are important …

Salusin-β accelerates inflammatory responses in vascular endothelial cells, and increases
oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells. Plasma salusin-β levels were increased in …

Diabetes is a complex and heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia.
Its core cause is progressively impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cell failures …

Obesity represents one of the most complex public health challenges and has recently
reached epidemic proportions. Obesity is also considered to be primarily responsible for the …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood
glucose and/or high serum free fatty acids. Chronic hyperlipidemia causes the dysfunction of …