Spinal stenosis is a commonly chronic spinal degenerative disease, which is a major cause
of pain and dysfunction in the elderly. Mendelian randomization (MR) has been widely …

Motivation Understanding the genetic basis of complex diseases is one of the main
challenges in modern genomics. However, current tools often lack the versatility to efficiently …

Background: There is growing evidence to suggest a potential genetic component
underlying the development and progression of lumbar spine diseases. However, the …

Purpose Previous studies have suggested that genetic factors are important in the
development of degenerative disk disease (DDD). However, the concordance rates for the …

Over 100 million people worldwide suffer from lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with increasing
incidence with ageing population, yet little is known about the LSS genetic background …

Some skeletal deformities are relatively common, including scoliosis, spondylolisthesis,
congenital dislocation of the hip, and various forms of club foot. The familial aggregation of …

Motivation: Understanding the genetic basis of complex diseases is a paramount challenge
in modern genomics. However, current tools often lack the versatility to efficiently analyze …

Degenerative disc disease is the progressive deterioration of the discs between the
vertebrae in the spine, as well as arthritis in the spine's facet joints. An overgrowth of bone …