Sleep is universal, tightly regulated, and its loss impairs cognition. But why does the brain
need to disconnect from the environment for hours every day? The synaptic homeostasis …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to a family of small secreted proteins that
also include nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3, and neurotrophin 4. BDNF stands out …

The neuronal gene Arc is essential for long-lasting information storage in the mammalian
brain, mediates various forms of synaptic plasticity, and has been implicated in …

Inherited alleles account for most of the genetic risk for schizophrenia. However, new (de
novo) mutations, in the form of large chromosomal copy number changes, occur in a small …

Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine-threonine kinase that
controls several important aspects of mammalian cell function. mTOR activity is modulated …

Long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD) can be elicited by activating N-
methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors, typically by the coincident activity of …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of synaptic transmission
and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus and in other brain regions, playing a …

The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a major
regulator of activity-dependent plasticity at excitatory synapses in the mammalian central …

l-lactate is a product of aerobic glycolysis that can be used by neurons as an energy
substrate. Here we report that in neurons l-lactate stimulates the expression of synaptic …

Expression of long-lasting synaptic plasticity and long-term memory requires protein
synthesis, which can be repressed by phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α …