The 'civilian control'model of police complaints systems is premised on a clear separation
between 'civilian-led'and 'police-led'investigative processes. This paper examines the nature …

This chapter reports the results of an Australian survey of police using the international
ethical climate questionnaires developed by Klockars et al. Two major police departments …

Focusing on England and Wales, this article examines how police complaints reform in the
UK has been informed by developments in European human rights law. Particular emphasis …

Background Cost-of-service trends are a major concern for the Canadian policing
community and the public sector in general. In calendar year 2011 alone, total operating …

This chapter explores ways of addressing police accountability issues through enhanced
management of complaints systems. It also begins by analysing the nature of complaints …

Die vorliegende Analyse untersucht in vergleichender Perspektive unabhängige
Polizeibeschwerdestellen in anderen europäischen Ländern. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf …

This article looks beyond the traditional compliance-based model of police oversight to
discuss the emerging contributions of external oversight agencies to proactive police reform …

An effective police complaints system is important in securing and maintaining police
legitimacy. There is, however, a lack of clarity regarding the nature of the relationship …

This article summarizes surveys of three key stakeholder groups in the police complaints
and discipline process: the public, complainants and police. In general, public and …

Why would a government introduce a strong external oversight mechanism over its own
administration? Independent Police Oversight Agencies (POAs) have been established to …