Simple Summary Research has shown that an animal's welfare is highly dependent on how
various individual animal factors (eg, species traits, genetics, temperament and previous …

Animal welfare, education, conservation, research, and entertainment are major goals of
modern zoos, but they can be in conflict. For example, visitors enjoy learning about and …

Animals housed in artificial habitats are confronted by a wide range of potentially
provocative environmental challenges. In this article, we review many of the potential …

In recent years, zoos and aquaria have intensified efforts to develop approaches and tools
for assessing the welfare of populations and individual animals in their care. Advances …

The assessment of animal welfare relates to investigations of how animals try to cope with
their environment, and how easy or how difficult it is for them to do so. The use of rigorous …

There are gaps in knowledge that hinder our ability within zoos to provide good animal
welfare. This does not mean that zoos cannot or do not provide good welfare, only that …

In graduate school at the University of California at Davis, I had the good fortune to work in a
research lab in developmental psychobiology investigating the consequences of social …

The concept of the human–animal relationship (HAR) is widely used in farm animal research
to describe the outcome of the different qualities and quantities of interaction between …

During the past two decades, techniques for faecal steroid analysis have been developed
and have been used for research with mammalian, bird and, to a lesser extent, reptile …

Simple Summary This article is an examination of human–animal interactions in zoos from
an ethical perspective, their benefits to both human and animal participants, and also their …