Ocular allergy includes several clinically different conditions that can be considered as
hypersensitivity disorders of the ocular surface. The classification of these conditions is …

The tear film, lacrimal glands, corneal and conjunctival epithelia and Meibomian glands
work together as a lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to preserve the integrity and function of the …

In the cornea, resident immune cells are in close proximity to sensory nerves, consistent with
their important roles in the maintenance of nerves in both homeostasis and inflammation …

The eye represents an ideal and frequent site for the allergic reactions. The term 'allergic
conjunctivitis' refers to a collection of disorders that affect the lid, conjunctiva and/or cornea …

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, a chronic bilateral seasonal allergic inflammatory disease of the
eye, is an important cause of visual debilitation and impairment of quality of life in children …

A review of the recent literature allows us to better understand the mechanisms involved in
the development of ocular allergy and to guide us toward a more schematic approach, which …

Validated biomarkers to be used as biological tools for managing ocular surface diseases
(OSDs) are still an unmet need in daily clinical practice. Many studies have contributed to …

The identification of inflammatory mediators in the tear fluid have been extensively used in
ocular allergy to find either a 'disease marker', to better understand the immune mechanisms …

Acetylcholine is a transmitter in preganglionic autonomic and postganglionic
parasympathetic nerves and a non-neuronal paracrine mediator in the alimentary tract …

In recent decades, the role of neuropeptides in physiology and pathology has been
elucidated. Various neuropeptides are expressed at the ocular surface, where they facilitate …