This review addresses the interplay between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and
cardiovascular diseases. It is proposed that obesity, generally defined by an excess of body …

Diabesity is a term used to describe the combined adverse health effects of obesity and
diabetes mellitus. The worldwide dual epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is an …

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a highly heterogeneous
clinical syndrome affected in its development and progression by many comorbidities. The …

Diabetes mellitus predisposes affected individuals to a significant spectrum of
cardiovascular complications, one of the most debilitating in terms of prognosis is heart …

Skeletal muscle fat infiltration (known as myosteatosis) is an ectopic fat depot that increases
with aging and is recognized to negatively correlate with muscle mass, strength, and mobility …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for incident heart failure and increases the risk of
morbidity and mortality in patients with established disease. Secular trends in the …

The heart consumes large amounts of energy in the form of ATP that is continuously
replenished by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and, to a lesser extent, by …

There is significant evidence that, in living systems, free radicals and other reactive oxygen
and nitrogen species play a double role, because they can cause oxidative damage and …

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at high risk for macrovascular
complications, which represent the major cause of mortality. Despite effective treatment of …

The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to rise and has quickly become one of the
most prevalent and costly chronic diseases worldwide. A close link exists between DM and …