The formation and preservation of cratons—the oldest parts of the continents, comprising
over 60 per cent of the continental landmass—remains an enduring problem. Key to craton …

Initially, it may seem extremely daunting to be sitting in front of several thousand carats of
small diamonds, knowing that the likelihood of finding a diamond with a meaningful …

Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation Page 1 Page 2 Using
Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation Page 3 Other titles in the series An …

The continental crust is unique to the Earth in the solar system, and controversies remain
regarding its origin, accretion and reworking of continents. The plate tectonics theory has …

Trace-element data for mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) and ocean island basalts (OIB)
are used to formulate chemical systematics for oceanic basalts. The data suggest that the …

A map of the ocean basins (Fig. 5.1) shows that their most conspicuous topographic feature
is the system of mid-oceanic ridges, the crests of which rise on average 1000-3000 m above …

A survey is given of the dimensions and composition of the present continental crust. The
abundances of immobile elements in sedimentary rocks are used to establish upper crustal …

Non-arc basalts of Archean and Proterozoic age have model primary magmas that exhibit
mantle potential temperatures TP that increase from 1350° C at the present to a maximum …

Zircon megacrysts represent a late stage in the crystallisation of the magmas that produced
the low-Cr megacryst suite (Ol+ Opx+ Cpx+ Gnt+ Ilm+ Phl+ Zir) found in many kimberlites …

Earth's carbon, derived from planetesimals in the 1 AU region during accretion of the Solar
System, still retains similarities to carbon found in meteorites (Marty et al. 2013) even after …