Abstract The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis can initiate the process of sporulation
under conditions of nutrient limitation. Here, we review some of the last 5 years of work in …

Small proteins, here defined as proteins of 50 amino acids or fewer in the absence of
processing, have traditionally been overlooked due to challenges in their annotation and …

Differentiation of vegetative Bacillus subtilis into heat resistant spores is initiated by the
activation of the key transcription regulator Spo0A through the phosphorelay. Subsequent …

Two-component signal-transducing systems are ubiquitously distributed communication
interfaces in bacteria. They consist of a histidine kinase that senses a specific environmental …

The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in the use of small‐angle scattering for the
study of biological macromolecules in solution. The drive for more complete structural …

Bacteria sense and respond to a wide range of physical and chemical signals. Central to
sensing and responding to these signals are two-component systems, which have a sensor …

Bacillus subtilis is a commonly used commercial specie with broad applications in the fields
of bioengineering and biotechnology. B. subtilis is capable of producing both biofilms and …

The bacterium Bacillus subtilis produces the DNA integrity scanning protein (DisA), a
checkpoint protein that delays sporulation in response to DNA damage. DisA scans the …

Identification of small open reading frames (sm ORF s) encoding small proteins (≤ 100
amino acids; SEP s) is a challenge in the fields of genome annotation and protein discovery …

From microbes to multicellular eukaryotic organisms, all cells contain pathways responsible
for genome maintenance. DNA replication allows for the faithful duplication of the genome …