Approximately 4000 diseases are associated with malfunctioning genes in a particular cell
type. Gene-based therapy provides a platform to modify the disease-causing genes …

Infectious diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with viruses in particular
making global impact on healthcare and socioeconomic development. In addition, the rapid …

The development of advanced nanomaterials and technologies is essential in biomedical
engineering to improve the quality of life. Chitosan-based nanomaterials are on the forefront …

Mucosal delivery of antigens can induce both humoral and cellular immune responses.
Particularly, the nasal cavity is a strongly inductive site for mucosal immunity among several …

Annually, swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) causes severe economic loss to swine industry.
Currently used inactivated SwIAV vaccines administered by intramuscular injection provide …

With the support of modern biotechnology, vaccine technology continues to iterate. The
safety and efficacy of vaccines are some of the most important areas of development in the …

DNA vaccines offer a flexible and versatile platform to treat innumerable diseases due to the
ease of manipulating vaccine targets simply by altering the gene sequences encoded in the …

Nasal delivery offers many benefits over traditional approaches to vaccine administration.
These include ease of administration without needles that reduces issues associated with …

The occurrence and development of tumors depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME),
which is made of various immune cells, activated fibroblasts, basement membrane …

Nanoparticles (NPs) assumed an important role in the area of drug delivery. Despite the
number of studies including NPs are growing over the last years, their side effects on the …