Despite the undisputed prominence of inheritance as the fundamental reuse mechanism in
object-oriented programming languages, the main variants—single inheritance, multiple …

We design and study v Obj, a calculus and dependent type system for objects and classes
which can have types as members. Type members can be aliases, abstract types, or new …

Traits support the factoring out of common behaviour, and its integration into classes in a
manner that coexists smoothly with inheritance-based structuring mechanisms. We …

In the context of statically typed, class-based languages, we investigate classes that can be
extended with trait composition. A trait is a collection of methods without state; it can be …

Many dynamically-typed languages (including JavaScript, Ruby, Python or Racket) support
first-class classes, or related concepts such as first-class traits and/or mixins. In those …

Traits are a programming language technology that promote the reuse of methods between
unrelated classes. This paper reports on a refactoring of the Smalltalk collections classes …

Schärli et al. recently proposed a mechanism called traits as a way to foster code reuse in
object-oriented programs [SDNB03]. They have prototyped the mechanism in the context of …

Schärli et al. introduced traits as reusable units of behavior independent of the inheritance
hierarchy. Despite their relative simplicity, traits offer a surprisingly rich calculus. Trait calculi …

Traits are mechanism, recently proposed by Scharli et al, for factoring Smalltalk class
hierarchies. By separating the issue of code reuse from the inheritance hierarchy, traits allow …

Realistically, many rapidly evolving systems eventually require extensive restructuring in
order to effectively support further evolution. Not surprisingly, these overhauls reverberate …