How do humans make choices between different types of rewards? Economists have long
argued on theoretical grounds that humans typically make these choices as if the values of …

Corticostriatal circuits through the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) play key roles in complex
human behaviors such as evaluation, affect regulation and reward-based decision-making …

Abnormal emotion processing is a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). Since
the emergence of functional neuroimaging techniques, many studies have been conducted …

Neuroplasticity, which is the dynamic structural and functional reorganization of central
nervous system connectivity due to environmental and internal demands, is recognized as a …

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with affective and
cognitive symptoms causing personal distress and reduced global functioning. These have …

Mindfulness has been described as a practice of learning to focus attention on moment-
bymoment experience with an attitude of curiosity, openness, and acceptance. Mindfulness …

Coupling stimuli and actions with positive or negative outcomes facilitates the selection of
appropriate actions. Several brain regions are involved in the development of goal-directed …

Importance Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be characterized by impaired self-
regulation and behavioral inhibition. Elevated fear and anxiety are common characteristics …

OBJECTIVE: Randomized and sham-controlled trials (RCTs) on repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) have yielded …

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly prevalent, severe, and
chronic disease. There is a need for alternative strategies for treatment-resistant OCD …