The key regulators of the transcriptional response to hypoxia and inflammation (hypoxia
inducible factor, HIF, and nuclear factor-kappa B, NF-κB, respectively) are evolutionarily …

Numerous studies have highlighted the physical and mental health benefits of contact with
nature, typically in landscapes characterized by plants (ie,“greenspace”) and water …

Several diseases associated with high-altitude exposure affect unacclimated individuals.
These diseases include acute mountain sickness (AMS), high-altitude cerebral edema …

Abstract The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Second Edition (ICSD-2)
distinguishes 5 subtypes of central sleep apnea syndromes (CSAS) in adults. Review of the …

After ascent to high altitude (≥ 2500 m), the inability of the human body to adapt to the
hypobaric and hypoxia environment can induce tissue hypoxia, then a series of high altitude …

Background High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is the severe type of acute mountain
sickness (AMS) and life threatening. A subclinical inflammation has been speculated, but the …

Acute altitude illnesses are potentially serious conditions that can affect otherwise fit
individuals who ascend too rapidly to altitude. They include high altitude headache, acute …

Nocebo and placebo effects have been found to modulate several neurochemical systems,
such as cholecystokinin, endogenous opioids, and endocannabinoids. Here we show that …

Human habitation and adaptation to extreme environments have a deep history in
anthropological research. Anthropologists' understanding of these ecological pressures and …

Bar-headed geese cross the Himalayas on one of the most iconic high-altitude migrations in
the world. Heart rates and metabolic costs of flight increase with elevation and can be near …