As global land surface temperature continues to rise and heatwave events increase in
frequency, duration, and/or intensity, our key food and fuel cropping systems will likely face …

The control of gaseous exchange between the leaf and external atmosphere is governed by
stomatal conductance (gs); therefore, stomata play a critical role in photosynthesis and …

The leaf economics spectrum (LES) provides a useful framework for examining species
strategies as shaped by their evolutionary history. However, that spectrum, as originally …

Plant functional traits are the features (morphological, physiological, phenological) that
represent ecological strategies and determine how plants respond to environmental factors …

Trait variability in space and time allows plants to adjust to changing environmental
conditions. However, we know little about how this variability is distributed and coordinated …

The design and function of leaf venation are important to plant performance, with key
implications for the distribution and productivity of ecosystems, and applications in …

Stomatal regulation presumably evolved to optimize CO2 for H2O exchange in response to
changing conditions. If the optimization criterion can be readily measured or calculated, then …

Maximum and minimum stomatal conductance, as well as stomatal size and rate of
response, are known to vary widely across plant species, but the functional relationship …

Mesophyll diffusion conductance to CO2 is a key photosynthetic trait that has been studied
intensively in the past years. The intention of the present review is to update knowledge of …

The Science of Grapevines, Third Edition reflects the latest insights into cultivar
relationships, vascular transport, hormone action, and stress responses of grapevines …