The global shipping industry has long suffered from high volatilities in freight rates and
bunker fuel prices that lead to significant earnings risks. This paper aims to investigate the …

Financing shipping related investment projects has always been a focal area of debate and
research within the international maritime industry since access to funding can determine …

The world bulk shipping market has been in a peak period since 2003, and this has lasted
an incredibly long time considering that the markets are much more complex than before …

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG's) and Error Correction Models (ECM's) are employed to
analyze questions of price discovery between spatially separated commodity markets and …

This paper investigates the price volatility and trading volume relationship in the forward
freight agreement (FFA) market for dry bulk ships over the period 2007–2011. It is found that …

This paper examines hedging in Greek stock index futures market. The focus is on various
techniques to estimate constant or time-varying hedge ratios. For both available stock index …

In the recent literature, empirical tests of stationarity of freight rates often conclude that spot
freight rates are non-stationary processes. However, many maritime economists would …

Abstract The Baltic Dry Index (BDI), representing the shipping sector, displays a notable
sensitivity to Chinese commodity futures markets. Stakeholders must grasp the relationship …

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of cross-commodity hedging between China's base
metal spot and futures markets, using daily data of metal spot and futures prices in the …

In this paper we set up the theoretical framework for the valuation of the Asian-style options
traded in the freight derivatives market. Assuming lognormal spot freight dynamics, we show …