Brain endocannabinoid (eCB) signalling influences the motivation for natural rewards (such
as palatable food, sexual activity and social interaction) and modulates the rewarding effects …

The neurobiology of itch, which is formally known as pruritus, and its interaction with pain
have been illustrated by the complexity of specific mediators, itch-related neuronal pathways …

A prior epidemiological study identified a reduction in opioid overdose deaths in US states
that legalized medical cannabis (MC). One theory to explain this phenomenon is a potential …

Alcohol consumption is an integral part of daily life in many societies. The benefits
associated with the production, sale, and use of alcoholic beverages come at an enormous …

Like human children, most young mammals devote a significant amount of time and energy
playing together, and social play is fun. Although social play is very pleasurable, it is more …

▪ Abstract CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors are the primary targets of endogenous
cannabinoids (endocannabinoids). These G protein–coupled receptors play an important …

This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Withdrawal from opiates, such as heroin or oral narcotics, is characterized by a host of
aversive physical and emotional symptoms. High rates of relapse and limited treatment …

Addiction research has historically neglected research on women, and most studies have
been conducted on men only, with the concluding results generalized to the female …

Pain is a sensory and emotional experience that is substantially modulated by
psychological, social and contextual factors. Research now indicates that the influence of …