The concept of trade‐offs is central to our understanding of life‐history evolution. The
underlying mechanisms, however, have been little studied. Oxidative stress results from a …

Animal integumentary coloration plays a crucial role in visual communication and
camouflage, and varies extensively among and within species and populations. To …

The colorful phenotypes of birds have long provided rich source material for evolutionary
biologists. Avian plumage, beaks, skin, and eggs—which exhibit a stunning range of cryptic …

Mechanisms maintaining honesty of sexual signals are far from resolved, limiting our
understanding of sexual selection and potential important parts of physiology. Carotenoid …

Animals display diverse colors and patterns that vary within and between species. Similar
phenotypes appear in both closely related and widely divergent taxa. Pigment patterns thus …

The oxidation handicap hypothesis proposes that testosterone mediates the trade‐off
between the expression of secondary sexual traits and the fight against free radicals …

One of the common assumptions in the study of the evolution of parental care is that trade‐
offs exist between parental investment and other fitness‐related traits. In general, this body …

Colourful traits in females are suggested to have evolved and be maintained by sexual
selection. Although several studies have evaluated this idea, support is still equivocal …

We investigated relationships between fecal androgen concentrations, facial coloration and
behaviour in semi-free-ranging male mandrills. We found that fecal androgen levels were …

Within the past several decades, resource trade‐offs have emerged as the commonly
accepted explanation for how carotenoid‐based coloration links to individual performance …