We present the largest and most detailed measurement of online tracking conducted to date,
based on a crawl of the top 1 million websites. We make 15 types of measurements on each …

Privacy seems to be the Achilles' heel of today's web. Most web services make continuous
efforts to track their users and to obtain as much personal information as they can from the …

Accurate web measurement is critical for understanding and improving security and privacy
online. Such measurements implicitly assume that automated crawls generalize to typical …

A tracking flow is a flow between an end user and a Web tracking service. We develop an
extensive measurement methodology for quantifying at scale the amount of tracking flows …

To mitigate a myriad of Web attacks, modern browsers support client-side security policies
shipped through HTTP response headers. To enforce these defenses, the server needs to …

Third-party networks collect vast amounts of data about users via websites and mobile
applications. Consolidations among tracker companies can significantly increase their …

Past privacy measurement studies on web tracking focused on high-ranked commercial
websites, as user tracking is extensively used for monetization on those sites. Conversely …

Several past measurement studies uncovered various aspects of web-based tracking and its
serious impact on user privacy. Most studies used institutional resources, eg, computers …

Tracking is pervasive on the web. Third party trackers acquire user data through information
leak from websites, and user browsing history using cookies and device fingerprinting. In …

Filter lists play a large and growing role in protecting and assisting web users. The vast
majority of popular filter lists are crowd-sourced, where a large number of people manually …