The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the Central Nervous
System, the so-called gut microbiota brain axis (GMBA), deeply affects brain function and …

Abnormalities in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of Parkinson's disease (PD) sufferers were first
reported over 200 years ago; however, the extent and role of GI dysfunction in PD disease …

Gastroparesis is a neurogastrointestinal disorder of motility in which patients experience
symptoms of nausea, vomiting, bloating, early satiety, postprandial fullness, upper …

Gastrointestinal (GI) issues are commonly experienced by patients with Parkinson's disease
(PD). Those that affect the lower GI tract, such as constipation, are the most frequently …

Neuronal lesions in Parkinson's disease (PD) are commonly associated with α-synuclein (α-
Syn)-induced cell damage that are present both in the central and peripheral nervous …

Research involving autism spectrum disorder (ASD) most frequently focuses on its key
diagnostic criteria: restricted interests and repetitive behaviors, altered sensory perception …

Background Aspiration pneumonia is the commonest cause of hospitalizations and death in
patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Among these patients, the relationships between …

A monosynaptic pathway connects the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) to neurons of
the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). This monosynaptic pathway modulates the …

Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in most forms of neurodevelopment disorders
(NDDs) such as in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The current patient-reported outcome …

The effects of probiotics have mostly been shown to be favorable on measures of anxiety
and stress. More recent experiments indicate single-and multi-strain probiotics in treating …