Nitrogen (N) is an essential element required for the growth and development of all plants.
On a global scale, N is agriculture's most widely used fertilizer nutrient. Studies have shown …

Abstract The industrial Haber–Bosch process to produce ammonia (NH3) from dinitrogen
(N2) is crucial for modern society. However, N2 activation is inherently challenging and the …

Cropland is a main source of global nitrogen pollution,. Mitigating nitrogen pollution from
global croplands is a grand challenge because of the nature of non-point-source pollution …

Agricultural subsidies lead to changes in the use of chemical fertilizer by farmers. Using data
from a household survey conducted annually by the Rural Economy Research Center of the …

The extensive use of chemical fertilizers poses serious collateral problems such as
environmental pollution, pest resistance development and food safety decline. Researches …

Executive summary Food systems have the potential to nurture human health and support
environmental sustainability; however, they are currently threatening both. Providing a …

Organic agriculture is proposed as a promising approach to achieving sustainable food
systems, but its feasibility is also contested. We use a food systems model that addresses …

Plastic production has outgrown most other man-made materials, with more than 90% being
petroleum-based and nonbiodegradable. Packaging, primarily food packaging, consumes …

Low availability of phosphorus (P) in calcareous soils is a major problem for sustainable
improvement in cereals crops yield. A higher amount of calcium in soils precipitates the P …

Almost half of global nitrogen (N) fertilizer is applied to rice, wheat and maize, but a large
proportion is not directly taken up causing detrimental effects on the environment. To …