Periodontal diseases include pathological conditions elicited by the presence of bacterial
biofilms leading to a host response. In the diagnostic process, clinical signs such as …

While plaque‐induced gingivitis is one of the most common human inflammatory diseases,
several non–plaque‐induced gingival diseases are less common but often of major …

SOS1 is one of the major guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulates the ability of
KRAS to cycle through its “on” and “off” states. Disrupting the SOS1: KRASG12C protein …

RASopathies or RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) syndromes are a group of
phenotypically overlapping syndromes caused by germline mutations that encode …

Somatic, gain-of-function mutations in ras genes were the first specific genetic alterations
identified in human cancer about 3 decades ago. Studies during the last quarter century …

The Ras/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is essential in the regulation of
the cell cycle, differentiation, growth and cell senescence, all of which are critical to normal …

Son of Sevenless (SOS) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates the important
cell signaling switch KRAS. SOS acts as a pacemaker for KRAS, the beating heart of cancer …

Noonan syndrome, the most common single-gene cause of congenital heart disease, is
characterized by short stature, characteristic facies, learning problems and leukemia …

Noonan syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by short stature, facial
dysmorphia, congenital heart defects and skeletal anomalies. Increased RAS-mitogen …

Introduction: Medullary cystic kidney disease 2 (MCKD2) and familial juvenile
hyperuricaemic nephropathy (FJHN) are both autosomal dominant renal diseases …